PPL MonkeyPPL Monkey
de
Aircraft General Knowledge — AeroplanesLektion 41 von 55
41/55Gyroscopic instruments

Turn Coordinator / Turn and Slip

Lesezeit ca. 3 min·
en
Sprache wechseln (DE)

Turn coordinator / turn-and-slip

Learning objective: You decide in the turn whether rate and ball agree — and after an OFF flag, whether the turn coordinator or the attitude indicator is the one still alive.

60 seconds: You are flying IMC. Suction in the cellar, a red OFF flag on the attitude indicator. The turn coordinator (TC) still twitches. Typical trainer six-pack teaching: AI vacuum, TC electric — they do not die together. Remember: the gyro shows rate of turn, the ball only slip/skid; rate 1 = 3°/s = 360° in 2 minutes.

Turn coordinator versus turn-and-slip TC shows a miniature aeroplane and senses roll and yaw. Turn-and-slip shows a needle and yaw only. Both have an inclinometer ball. Rate 1 is 3 deg/s, 2-minute turn. Wendeanzeiger / turn instruments Turn Coordinator (TC) Miniaturflugzeug — Roll + Gier / roll + yaw L R 2 MIN Kugel mittig = koordiniert / ball centred Wende- und Schiebezeiger Turn-and-slip — Nadel, nur Gier / yaw only L R Rate 1 = 3°/s = 2-Min-Kurve / 2-min turn TC-Kreisel geneigt (canted) ≈ 30° Lehre — nicht AFM. Kugel = Inklinometer, keine Wendegeschwindigkeit.

Two faces, one ball. The turn coordinator shows a miniature aeroplane; the gyro is canted — teaching about 30°, not AFM. It senses roll and yaw, so it moves earlier as you roll in. The turn-and-slip shows a needle, lateral axis, yaw only.

Both have an inclinometer. Ball centred = coordinated. Inside = slip. Outside = skid — spin-critical. Memory aid: step on the ball.

Bank for rate 1 depends on TAS. Rule of thumb (teaching, not AFM): bank [°] ≈ (TAS [kt] / 10) + 7. The turn needle is not a VSI. Spin-up times: AFM, no invented minutes.

“The ball shows rate of turn.” That is wrong. People see one instrument and read everything off it. Rate = gyro. Coordination = ball. And: “TC and attitude indicator share the same vacuum.” In typical trainer teaching that is also wrong.

Check yourself

1. How does a turn coordinator (TC) differ from a classic turn-and-slip?

  • A) TC: gyro axis canted ~30° (teaching, not AFM), roll and yaw; turn-and-slip: lateral axis, yaw only
  • B) The TC shows pitch and bank like the attitude indicator; turn-and-slip shows only IAS
  • C) Both have a vertical gyro axis and measure climb/descent
  • D) The TC measures only slip; turn-and-slip measures only bank

2. What does the turn needle show, and what sets bank for rate 1?

  • A) A fixed 30° bank independent of TAS; it replaces altimeter and VSI
  • B) Rate of turn; bank for rate 1 (3°/s, 360° in 2 min) depends on TAS
  • C) Bank like the AI; rate 1 is always 6°/s
  • D) Ground speed; ball inside = skid
  1. A — 30° cant is teaching, not AFM. Pitch/bank is the attitude indicator.
  2. B — rate 1 = 3°/s = 2-minute turn. Ball inside = slip, not skid. Bank rule of thumb is teaching, not AFM.
Fertig gelesen?
Melde dich an, um deinen Fortschritt zu speichern.