Four standardised take-off distance terms (ICAO Annex 14 Vol. I §3 + EASA Easy Access Aerodrome):
| Term | German | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| TODR | Erforderliche Startstrecke | Distance a given aircraft requires from brake release to reaching the 50-ft screen (15 m). From AFM. |
| TODA | Verfügbare Startstrecke | Distance the aerodrome provides: runway length + clearway. From AIP. |
| TORA | Verfügbare Startrollstrecke | Actual runway length available for the take-off run on the ground. |
| ASDA | Verfügbare Beschleunigungs-Stopp-Strecke | Distance for accelerate + stop in an aborted take-off (with stopway). |
| LDA | Verfügbare Landestrecke | Runway length for landing — may be reduced by a displaced threshold. |
Visualisation
code
|--- TORA ---| ASDA = TORA + Stopway
|<--- Paved runway --->|---Stopway---|
|<--------- TODA = TORA + Clearway ----------->|
|---Clearway---|
(no ground — clear of obstacles)
Application
Before every flight:
- TODR read from AFM chart for current mass, DA, wind, slope, surface.
- TODA from the AIP for the airfield and runway in the take-off direction.
- Confirm TODR ≤ TODA with adequate margin.
- For accelerate-stop capability: check ASDA also.
Important notes
- TORA, TODA, ASDA, LDA are published in the AIP Part AD per airfield and runway — they are not always equal to the runway length (e.g. displaced thresholds for LDA, stopway for ASDA).
- With a displaced threshold (e.g. Frankfurt) LDA < TORA.