Official References — Subject 090 Communications
This lesson lists all primary official sources cited in Subject 090.
ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization)
| Document | Title |
|---|---|
| Annex 2 | Rules of the Air (esp. Appendix 1+2: Interception, Light Signals) |
| Annex 3 | Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation (VOLMET) |
| Annex 7 | Aircraft Nationality and Registration Marks |
| Annex 10 Vol II | Communication Procedures (7th ed. 2016) |
| Annex 10 Vol III | Communication Systems (2nd ed. 2007) |
| Annex 10 Vol IV | Surveillance Radar and Collision Avoidance Systems |
| Annex 10 Vol V | Aeronautical Radio Frequency Spectrum Utilization |
| Annex 11 | Air Traffic Services |
| Annex 14 | Aerodromes |
| Annex 17 | Security |
| Doc 4444 | PANS-ATM Procedures for Air Navigation Services |
| Doc 7030 | Regional Supplementary Procedures |
| Doc 8400 | ICAO Abbreviations and Codes |
| Doc 8585 | Designators for Aircraft Operating Agencies |
| Doc 8973 | Security Manual |
| Doc 9432 | Manual of Radiotelephony (5th ed. 2022) — main source |
| Doc 9554 | Manual on Implementation of a 300m Vertical Separation Minimum |
ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
- ITU Radio Regulations — frequency band allocations.
- ITU Appendix 14 — Q-code list.
EASA (European Union Aviation Safety Agency)
| Document | Title |
|---|---|
| Easy Access Rules for Part-FCL | Aircrew Regulation (incl. FCL.055 Language, AMC1 FCL.215 Syllabus, AMC2 FCL.235 Skill Test) |
| Easy Access Rules for SERA | Standardised European Rules of the Air (esp. SERA.8005, SERA.8015, SERA.11000-11010) |
EU Implementing Regulations
- EU 923/2012 SERA
- EU 965/2012 Air Operations
- EU 1079/2012 8.33 kHz Channel Spacing
- EU 1178/2011 Aircrew Regulation
- EU 1207/2011 ADS-B Implementing Rule
- EU 2017/386 Surveillance Performance and Interoperability
EUROCONTROL
- Mode S Specifications
- European Action Plan for the Reduction of Pilot/ATC Communication Errors (2012)
WMO (World Meteorological Organization)
- WMO-No. 49 Vol II — Aeronautical Meteorology (VOLMET format)
National AIS / procedures
- DFS AIP Germany (GEN 3.4 Comms, ENR 1.6 ATS, AD frequencies)
- Skyguide AIP Switzerland / VFR Manual
- Austro Control AIP Austria
- DGAC AIP France
FAA (Federal Aviation Administration, comparison material)
- FAA-H-8083-25B Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
- FAA AIM Aeronautical Information Manual (esp. Section 4 Air Traffic Control, Section 6 Emergencies)
- 14 CFR 91.183 Radio Communications
NATO
- NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 1066 — NATO phonetic alphabet.
Industry / training
- AOPA Air Safety Institute — Aircraft Radio Communication Best Practices, Pilot/ATC Communications.
- LiveATC.net — public ATC audio recordings.
- Headset manufacturers (Bose, David Clark, Lightspeed) — user manuals.
Accident reports / teaching cases (safety relevance)
- ICAO Acts of Unlawful Interference Database (hijack statistics).
- NTSB Aviation Accident Reports (radio-related incidents).
- AAIB / BEA / BFU — European accident reports.
Famous interception incidents (cited in lessons)
- KAL 007 (1983): Korean Airlines Boeing 747, Sakhalin.
- El Al 4X-AXG (1973): Israeli Boeing 707, Sinai.
- Iran Air 655 (1988): A300, Persian Gulf.
Famous hijacking incidents
- 9/11 terror attacks (2001).
- Lufthansa 181 "Landshut" (1977): Mogadishu, GSG-9 rescue.
- Air France 8969 (1994): Marseille, GIGN rescue.
Citation policy in PPL Monkey
Every factual statement is traceable to at least one official primary source:
- In case of discrepancy, the latest EASA/ICAO regulation is authoritative.
- For national specifics: AIP of the respective state.
- For historical cases: ICAO and national accident reports.
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